Cognitive psychology explores the inner workings of the human mind, focusing on processes such as perception, memory, attention, problem-solving, language, and decision-making. It examines how people acquire, process, store, and retrieve information, bridging the gap between biology and behavior. Understanding cognitive processes helps explain why humans think and act in complex ways, offering insights applicable in education, therapy, and technology.
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Perception is the process of interpreting sensory input from the environment. Although humans receive a constant stream of sensory data, perception allows us to focus on relevant stimuli and construct a coherent understanding of the world. For example, visual perception involves recognizing shapes, colors, and spatial relationships, while auditory perception enables interpretation of speech and sounds. Perception is influenced by attention, expectations, prior knowledge, and cultural context, demonstrating that our experience of reality is subjective and constructed.
